Developing a Validated Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) Test to Detect MSX
Haplosporidium nelsoni is a microscopic parasite that causes Multinucleate Sphere X (MSX), a disease that has historically affected Eastern oysters. In the late 1950s, it led to devastating outbreaks in Virginia and Delaware, severely damaging the local oyster farming industries. Now, with climate change warming northern waters, the parasite is spreading into traditionally cooler regions like Maine, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island (PEI).
The discovery of MSX in PEI raised immediate concerns for the aquaculture industry, threatening local economies that depend on oyster farming and harvesting. In response to this urgent need, Onda initiated the development of a validated quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) test to detect MSX efficiently and accurately.
The Objective
The primary goal was to create quickly a reliable diagnostic tool that enables early detection of MSX in Eastern oysters. Speed in development was crucial to mitigate the parasite's spread, protect local aquaculture, and ensure sustainable practices within the industry.
Our Methodology
Research and Development: Onda's team conducted extensive literature reviews and laboratory research to identify key genetic markers specific to MSX. The initial phase included isolating the MSX DNA from infected samples collected from affected areas in PEI.
Assay Design: A qPCR assay was adapted to target the specific genetic sequences of MSX, allowing for rapid and precise identification of the parasite in bivalve samples. Multiple primers and probes were tested for their efficacy in amplifying the target DNA.
Validation: The assay underwent rigorous validation processes, including specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility testing. Testing was conducted using Eastern oysters.
The Results
Onda’s validated qPCR test demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, allowing for the detection of low parasite loads. With results available within a few hours, the assay significantly reduced the time required for detecting MSX compared to traditional methods. Feedback from local aquaculture stakeholders confirmed its utility in preventing the spread of MSX, enabling proactive management of Eastern oyster health and minimizing potential economic losses.
This early detection capability supports sustainable practices within the industry, as stakeholders can implement timely interventions to protect their stocks. Onda solidified its reputation as a leader in aquaculture diagnostics, fostering trust among local stakeholders while reinforcing its commitment to supporting local economies and sustainable practices through collaborative efforts.
Conclusion
The quick development and validation of the qPCR test for MSX by Onda represents a significant advancement in the aquaculture industry of Prince Edward Island and potential future infection sites of MSX globally. By providing an effective diagnostic tool, Onda not only addressed the immediate threat posed by MSX but also promotes a sustainable future for the local oyster farming community.